摘要：
Ensuring the quality and yield of rice depends heavily on the accurate identification of early-stage rice diseases. Existing models face significant challenges in balancing lightweight requirements and precise classification of rice disease types due to the noisy background and scattered distribution of disease symptoms in real-world environments. To address the above issues, this study proposes DGLNet, a novel lightweight and highly accurate network for rice disease identification. DGLNet includes two low-complexity modules, the global attention module (GAM) and the dynamic representation module (DRM). The GAM is designed to capture key information in complex noisy scenes, thus improving the generalization ability of the model. Meanwhile, the self-developed four-dimensional flexible convolution (4D-FConv) in the DRM can dynamically generate adaptive convolutional kernel parameters from four dimensions. This allows DRM to maintain diversity among different sample inputs to enhance the model's ability to fit complex functions. As a result, DRM enhances feature representation without the need for additional network layers and channels. The proposed method achieves 99.82% and 99.71% recognition accuracy on two real plant disease datasets, outperforming current popular methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is not only computationally lightweight, but also capable of accurately identifying rice diseases in real-life scenarios. Furthermore, this study provides robust technical support for disease identification and control and offers guidance for the implementation of agricultural intelligence and precision farming.
通讯机构：
[Xiaohui Ling] L;Laboratory for Spin-Orbit Photonics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, People's Republic of China
关键词：
angular momentum;photonic orbital Hall effect;vortex phase;mode decomposition
摘要：
The photonic orbital Hall effect (POHE) refers to the vortex-dependent beam shifts, which is generally believed to result from the conversion of intrinsic orbital angular momentum (IOAM) to extrinsic orbital angular momentum (EOAM). However, the physical mechanism of the POHE, such as how the IOAM is converted to the EOAM, remains further elucidation. In this paper, we re-examine the POHE of a vortex beam with additional IOAM illuminating at an optically thin slab by means of vortex mode decomposition. By considering the competition and coupling between the radial and azimuthal vortex harmonics of the abnormal mode in the transmitted beam, it is found that the underlying mechanism of the POHE is in fact a spin-to-orbital angular momentum (OAM) conversion process. And the IOAM carried by the incident beam is directly superimposed on the OAM obtained during the conversion. Our findings not only offer an alternative perspective for understanding the POHE, but also exhibit application potential in orbit-orbit and spin-orbit optical components.
作者机构：
[Fu Kang-Xia; Sheng Liang-Bing; Jiang Wu-Jiu; Zhang Fu-Xing; Yang Zhe-Hao; Zhang Xin; Deng Xiu; Yu Jiang-Xi; Zhu Xiao-Ming] Hengyang Normal Univ, Univ Hunan Prov,Key Lab Organomet New Mat, Dept Chem & Mat Sci,Key Lab Funct Metorgan Cpds H, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Monitoring & Treatment Heavy M, Hengyang 421008, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, FX ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Univ Hunan Prov,Key Lab Organomet New Mat, Dept Chem & Mat Sci,Key Lab Funct Metorgan Cpds H, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Monitoring & Treatment Heavy M, Hengyang 421008, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wei Liu; Xuexiao Zou] C;[Zhuqing Zhang] V;College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China<&wdkj&>Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410125, Chin<&wdkj&>College of Life Sciences and Environment, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Henan 421008, China<&wdkj&>Vegetable Institution of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
摘要：
The stay-green trait is of considerable importance in extending the shelf life of green pepper fruit (Capsicum annuum L.) and in enhancing the appearance of ornamental plants. The study revealed the genetic and regulatory mechanisms of the stay-green trait in pepper, which will aid in the selection of ornamental pepper varieties. In this study, a pepper mutant with stay-green fruit named TNX348 was identified from a germplasm resource bank. Two segregating populations were constructed using the stay-green mutant TNX348 and then used in bulked segre-gant analysis combined with RNA sequencing and linkage analyses. The causal gene of the stay-green trait was mapped to an approximately 131-kb region, and a senescence-induced chloroplast protein gene, CaSGR1 (Capana01g000359), was identified as a candidate gene. Sequencing analysis revealed a G -> A single-base mutation of CaSGR1 in TNX348 that led to early termination of translation. Based on the single-base mu-tation, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker co-segregating with the stay-green trait was developed. Furthermore, in transcriptome analysis, expression patterns of 11 hormone transduction-related transcription factors, such as abscisic acid-insensitive (ABI), abscisic acid-responsive element-binding factor (ABF), and NAC transcription factor, were similar or opposite to that of CaSGR1. The results indicated that the transcription factors might mediate chlorophyll degradation by regulating the expression of CaSGR1.
作者机构：
[Tan, Yuxing; Feng, Yunyun; Su, Yizi; Wang, Tiantian] Hengyang Normal Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Hengyang 421008, Hunana, Peoples R China.;[Tan, Yuxing] Hengyang Normal Univ, Key Lab Met Organ New Mat Coll Hunan Prov, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Key Lab Funct Met Organ Cpds Hunan Prov, Hengyang 421008, Hunana, Peoples R China.
摘要：
C15H18O9, triclinic, P (1) over bar (no. 2), a = 8.4962(7) angstrom, b = 8.6835(7) angstrom, c = 11.9767(10) angstrom alpha = 90.9650(10)degrees, beta = 94.9460(10)degrees, gamma = 115.9310(10)degrees, V = 790.21(11) angstrom(3), Z = 2, R-gt (F) = 0.0318, wR(ref) (F-2) = 0.0855, T = 296(2) K.
作者：
Liu, Gang;Ponnusamy, Saminathan;V. Starkov, Victor
期刊：
BULLETIN DES SCIENCES MATHEMATIQUES,2023年184:103256 ISSN：0007-4497
通讯作者：
Ponnusamy, S
作者机构：
[Liu, Gang] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hunan Prov Key Lab Intelligent Informat Proc & App, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ponnusamy, S; Ponnusamy, Saminathan] Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Math, Chennai 600036, India.;[Ponnusamy, S; Ponnusamy, Saminathan] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Moscow Ctr Fundamental & Appl Math, Moscow, Russia.;[V. Starkov, Victor] Univ Petrozavodsk, Dept Math, ul Lenina 33, Petrozavodsk 185910, Russia.
通讯机构：
[Ponnusamy, S ] I;Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Math, Chennai 600036, India.;Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Moscow Ctr Fundamental & Appl Math, Moscow, Russia.
关键词：
Bohr inequality;Convex;Harmonic mapping;Linear and affine invariant family;Subordination;Univalent
摘要：
Let 710 denote the set of all sense-preserving harmonic mappings f = h + g in the unit disk D, normalized with h(0) = g(0) = g'(0) = 0 and h'(0) = 1. In this paper, we mainly investigate some properties of certain subclasses of 710, including inclusion relations and stability analysis by precise examples, coefficient bounds, growth, covering and distortion theorems. As applications, we build some Bohr inequalities for these subclasses by means of subordination. Among these subclasses, six classes consist of functions f = h +g E 710 such that h + eg is univalent (or convex) in D for each |e| = 1 (or for some |e| = 1, or for some |e| < 1). Simple analysis shows that if the function f = h + g belongs to a given class from these six classes, then the functions h + eg belong to corresponding class for all |e| = 1. We call these classes as stable classes. (c) 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
摘要：
For deep learning-based single image dehazing works, their performances seriously depend on the designed models and training dataset. Existing state-of-the-art methods focus on the design of novel dehazing models or the improvement of training strategies to obtain better dehazing results. In this work, instead of designing a new deep dehazing model, we attempt to further improve the dehazing performance from the perspective of enriching training datasets by exploring an intuitive yet efficient way to synthesize photo-realistic hazy images. It is well known that for a natural hazy image, its perceived haze density increases with scene depth. Motivated by this, we develop a depth-aware haze generation network, namely HazeGAN, by incorporating the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), depth estimation network, and physical atmospheric scattering to progressively synthesize hazy images. Specifically, a separate depth estimation network is embedded to obtain multi-scale depth features, which are exploited by the atmospheric scattering model to generate multi-scale hazy features. The hazy features are fused into the GAN generator to output synthetic hazy images with depth-aware haze effects. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed HazeGAN can generate diverse training pairs of depth-aware hazy images and clear images, which effectively enrich the existing benchmark datasets, and improve the generalization capabilities of existing deep image dehazing models.
作者机构：
[Sun, Binghai; Shao, Chong; Zhang, Xuecheng; Zhang, Wenhai; Wu, You] Zhejiang Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Wenhai] Hengyang Normal Univ, Big Data Ctr Educ Neurosci & Artificial Intelligen, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Binghai] Zhejiang Normal Univ, Key Lab Intelligent Educ Technol & Applicat Zhejia, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, BH ; Zhang, WH] Z;[Zhang, WH ] H;Zhejiang Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.;Hengyang Normal Univ, Big Data Ctr Educ Neurosci & Artificial Intelligen, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Zhejiang Normal Univ, Key Lab Intelligent Educ Technol & Applicat Zhejia, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
deception;fNIRS hyperscanning;gender composition;romantic love
摘要：
Abstract: Previous studies on the brain–brain interaction of deception have shown different patterns of interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) between different genders. However, the brain–brain mechanisms in the cross-sex composition need to be better understood. Furthermore, there needs to be more discussion about how relationships (e.g., romantic couples vs. strangers) affect the brain–brain mechanism under interactive deception. To elaborate on these issues, we used the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning approach to simultaneously measure interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) in romantic couples (heterosexual) and cross-sex stranger dyads during the sender–receiver game. The behavioral results found that the deception rate of males was lower than that of females, and romantic couples were deceived less than strangers. Significantly increased IBS was observed in the frontopolar cortex (FPC) and right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) of the romantic couple group. Moreover, the IBS is negatively correlated with the deception rate. No significantly increased IBS was observed in cross-sex stranger dyads. The result corroborated the lower deception of males and romantic couples in cross-sex interactions. Furthermore, IBS in the PFC and rTPJ was the underlying dual-brain neural basis for supporting honesty in romantic couples. Keywords: fNIRS hyperscanning; deception; romantic love; gender composition
作者：
He, Jinbo;Cui, Tianxiang;Barnhart, Wesley R. R.;Chen, Gui
期刊：
Journal of Eating Disorders,2023年11(1):1-17 ISSN：2050-2974
通讯作者：
He, JB
作者机构：
[He, Jinbo] Chinese Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Shenzhen 518172, Peoples R China.;[Cui, Tianxiang] Univ Macau, Dept Psychol, Macau, Peoples R China.;[Barnhart, Wesley R. R.] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Psychol, Bowling Green, OH USA.;[Chen, Gui] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Educ Sci, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, JB ] C;Chinese Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Shenzhen 518172, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Body image;Functionality appreciation;Validation;Chinese;Invariance
摘要：
Functionality appreciation, as an important aspect of positive image, is associated with fewer body image disturbances, fewer disordered eating behaviors, and improved psychological well-being. However, it has been under-researched in Asian countries. The current work aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS) among four Chinese samples of different ages, and further examine measurement invariance and differences of the FAS across gender and age groups. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) were conducted to examine the factorial structure of the FAS among four Chinese samples of different ages, including middle school adolescents (n = 894, Mage = 12.17 years), high school adolescents (n = 1347, Mage = 15.07 years), young adults (n = 473, Mage = 21.95 years), and older adults (n = 313, Mage = 67.90 years). The measurement invariance of the FAS across gender and age was examined. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity were evaluated. The FAS had a unidimensional structure and was invariant across gender and age groups. The FAS presented sound psychometric properties in all age groups by gender, with good internal consistency reliability [e.g., high Cronbach’s α values (.91 ~ .97)] and good construct validity (e.g., significant associations with body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating). Moreover, group comparisons showed minimal gender differences in functionality appreciation. However, significant age differences were found in functionality appreciation, with older ages generally associated with higher functionality appreciation. Overall, findings suggest that the FAS is a sound instrument to be used in the Chinese context. Furthermore, functionality appreciation was found to be higher in older adults than adolescents or young adults, suggesting the potential important role of aging in functionality appreciation. Functionality appreciation, as a positive body image component emphasizing the appreciation on one’s body for what it can do, is associated with fewer body image disturbances, fewer disordered eating behaviors, and improved psychological well-being. The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS) measures functionality appreciation and has been widely validated in a number of different populations. However, the psychometric properties of the FAS have not been systematically examined in the Chinese context, especially for adolescents and older adults. Results indicated that the psychometric properties of the FAS were sound and could be equally used to assess functionality appreciation in Chinese adolescents, young adults, and older adults.
作者机构：
[Deng, Zhiwei; Quan, Bin] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;[Quan, Bin] Hengyang Base Int Ctr Space Technol Nat & Cultural, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Quan, B ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;Hengyang Base Int Ctr Space Technol Nat & Cultural, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.
关键词：
land use and land cover change;Intensity Analysis;change detection;Chang-Zhu-Tan Metropolitan Region
作者机构：
[Li, Suxun] Changan Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Xian 710054, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Chang; Yang, Liu; Li, Suxun] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;[Feng, C] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Feng, C ] ;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.
关键词：
driving factors;evapotranspiration;MODIS;spatiotemporal patterns;standard deviation ellipse;Xiangjiang River Basin
摘要：
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a crucial parameter in the process of the hydrological cycle. It is of great significance for water resource management and the improvement of ecological systems in the Xiangjiang River Basin (XRB) to explore the spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics of ET. Based on MOD16, this study revealed the characteristics of spatial and temporal patterns of ET in the XRB from 2000 to 2020. We first applied land use data and change rate for overall trend analysis on ET. Then, we obtained spatiotemporal migration routes of ET through standard deviation ellipse (SDE). Furthermore, we demonstrated the effects of monsoon and urban expansion on ET change. Accordingly, we observed the following novel spatiotemporal patterns of ET: (1) while the ET of artificial surfaces decreased from 2000 to 2020, the change rate in most regions of the XRB was 8.83%, indicating that the overall trend of ET in the XRB was increasing. (2) At 10-year intervals, the SDE center of ET all migrated in a clockwise direction. (3) The correlation between precipitation and ET is more obvious than that between temperature and ET. (4) With the direct effects of monsoon on precipitation in East Asia, we found that the changes in precipitation are consistent with the ET change.
作者机构：
[Huang, F. F.; Sun, L. Z.] Xiangtan Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Hunan Prov Key Lab Thin Film Mat & Devices, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Z. S.; He, S. D.; Zhou, P.; Li, W. Q.] Xiangtan Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.;[Tan, R.] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Phys & Elect Engn, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Second-order topological phases in artificial systems have been extensively studied, but studies in the phonons of atomic materials are limited. In this paper, we propose that phononic second-order topological phase exists in C3N , a previously synthesized and intensively investigated two-dimensional material. Its nontrivial phase arises from the mismatch between the Wannier centers of the out-of-plane phonon modes and the atomic positions. Using a simplified force constant model, we find that gapped edge modes and in-gap corner modes only exist on the structures with broken pure-carbon-ring terminations, and this unexpected phenomenon can be explained by the electronlike filling anomaly for phonons. Further calculations reveal that these corner modes are robust to external disturbances. The nontrivial phononic phase in C3N provides an avenue in crystalline materials to explore higher-order topological phases in Bose systems.
期刊：
Computational Methods and Function Theory,2023年:1-11 ISSN：1617-9447
通讯作者：
Ponnusamy, S
作者机构：
[Li, Liulan] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hunan Prov Key Lab Intelligent Informat Proc & App, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ponnusamy, S; Ponnusamy, Saminathan] Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Math, Chennai 600036, India.;[Ponnusamy, S; Ponnusamy, Saminathan] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Moscow Ctr Fundamental & Appl Math, Moscow, Russia.;[Wirths, Karl-Joachim] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Algebra & Anal, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
通讯机构：
[Ponnusamy, S ] I;Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Math, Chennai 600036, India.;Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Moscow Ctr Fundamental & Appl Math, Moscow, Russia.
关键词：
Meromorphic functions;Taylor coefficients;Laurent series
摘要：
In this article, we consider the family of functions f meromorphic in the unit disk
$${\mathbb D}=\{z:\,|z| < 1\}$$
with a pole at the point
$$z=p$$
, a Taylor expansion
$$\begin{aligned} f(z)= z+\sum _{k=2}^{\infty } a_kz^k, \quad |z|<p, \end{aligned}$$
and satisfying the condition
$$\begin{aligned} \left| \left( \frac{z}{f(z)}\right) -z\left( \frac{z}{f(z)}\right) '-1\right| <\lambda \qquad \text {for all }z\in {\mathbb D}, \end{aligned}$$
for some
$$\lambda $$
,
$$0<\lambda < 1$$
. We denote this class by
$$\mathcal {U}_p(\lambda )$$
and we shall prove a representation theorem for the functions in this class. As consequences, we get a simple proof for the estimates of
$$|a_2|$$
and obtain inequalities for the initial coefficients of the Laurent series of
$$f\in \mathcal {U}_p(\lambda )$$
at its pole. In [8] it had been conjectured that for
$$f\in \mathcal {U}_p(\lambda )$$
the inequalities
$$\begin{aligned} |a_n|\le \frac{1}{p^{n-1}}\sum _{k=0}^{n-1}(\lambda p^2)^k, \quad n\ge 2, \end{aligned}$$
are valid. We provide a counterexample to this conjecture for the case
$$n=3$$
.
期刊：
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization,2023年17(3):2386-2403 ISSN：2193-4126
通讯作者：
Zaixiang Lou
作者机构：
[Zheng, Xiaodan; Dai, Wenna; Bede, Dery; Lou, Zaixiang; Wang, Hongxin] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Xiaodan; Dai, Wenna; Bede, Dery; Lou, Zaixiang; Wang, Hongxin] Jiangnan Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Funct Food, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Chunpeng] Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Post Harvest Key Technol &, Jiangxi Key Lab Post Harvest Technol & Nondestruct, Nanchang 330045, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Xiaohua] Hengyang Normal Univ, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zaixiang Lou] S;State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
摘要：
Biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms with a more stable form compared to planktonic bacteria. Probiotic strains in biofilms have been found to have beneficial effects in numerous studies. The formation process and the regulatory mechanisms of biofilm were introduced. Strategies to promote biofilm growth were reviewed in categories. And the extraction and purification process of natural products in exogenous substances was also sorted out and summarized. The research found that different modes of action of the promoting biofilm molecules discussed were facilitated by interfering with the quorum sensing pathways, adhesion mechanisms, the two-component system, influencing extracellular polymers, and secondary messengers involved in various signaling pathways. The studies showed that the strength of the biofilm can be promoted by altering the adhesion surface material and nutrient sources. Probiotics and their secondary metabolites made critical impacts. Further studies found that the ingredients that can promote the formation of bacterial biofilms include hormones, inorganic ions (Mn2+, Cu2+, Fe3+), and natural extracts (inulin, fructooligosaccharides, malic acid, catechins, genistein, cranberry extract, resveratrol, propolis ethanolic extract, bioactive peptides, etc.). The method of extraction and purification prefers safe and low-harm solvents such as ethanol and water. Physical methods were also used to improve yields, such as microwaves, ultra-high pressure, column chromatography, etc. A multi-point, staggered, and all-round examination of the development of probiotic biofilms was directed. The exploration of probiotic biofilm will be a significant advancement heading in the field of probiotic research.
摘要：
In recent years, carbon-based materials catalyzing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for green degradation of persistent or-ganic pollutants have attracted increasing attention. However, PMS activation by hydrochar composite (e.g. hydrochar-montomorillonite) has rarely been investigated. Herein, a simple preparation, low-cost and eco-friendly catalyst of hydrochar-montmorillonite composite (HC-Mt) was prepared to firstly catalyze PMS for the degradation of dicamba (DIC). The as-prepared HC-Mt showed a remarkably better catalyzing performance for PMS than pure hydrochar (HC) due to its good physicochemical characteristics and abundant oxygen-containing groups. Further-more, the electron spin resonance (ESR) and quenching tests revealed that active species such as SO4 center dot-, center dot OH and O2 center dot- all participated in the degradation process. DIC sites on C6, Cl 10, and O15 exhibited higher reactivity according to the density functional theory (DFT) calculation, which were easily attacked by active species. The DIC degradation mainly occurred via hydroxyl substitution, decarboxylation, oxidation and ring-cleavage and finally most of the inter-mediates were mineralized into CO2 and H2O. Finally, the phytotoxicity assessment was measured by the germination growth situation of tobacco and mung beans in the presence of DIC (with or without treatment by HC-Mt/PMS). The result showed that HC-Mt/PMS could significantly reduce the phytotoxicity of DIC to crops, suggesting that catalyzing PMS using HC-Mt was environmentally friendly. Therefore, this work did not only provide a novel catalyzing PMS strategy using hydrochar composite for wastewater treatment, but also give a new idea for herbicide phytotoxicity management.
摘要：
According to the methodical examination of the physicochemical, sensory, and antioxidant properties of flavored yogurts which fortified with different amounts of Lentinula edodes stipe (LES), we found that the LES was beneficial to improve some physicochemical (pH, viable lactic acid bacteria density, and syneresis) and sensory properties (fermented odor and taste quality), and the antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity) of the plain yogurt, which has the potential to be used in functional yogurt. The results above were also helpful for the rational utilization of LES toward value‐added products. Abstract The Lentinula edodes stipe (LES), a by‐product of L. edodes fruiting body processing, is rich in dietary fiber, protein, and polysaccharides, which can be served as the functional ingredient in dairy products. In this study, stirred yogurts fortified with 1%, 2%, and 3% LES were prepared, and the effects of LES on the changes in color, pH, titratable acidity (TA), viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cells, syneresis, viscosity, texture, and antioxidant activity of the flavored yogurt were monitored at the beginning and the end of storage. The LES decreased the lightness, increased the red–green color values and yellow–blue color values, decreased the pH values, and increased the contents of TA, the viable LAB cells, and the antioxidant activity of yogurt samples in a dose‐dependent manner. The addition of LES showed double‐edged effects on the texture of yogurt, which significantly reduced firmness and viscosity but decreased the syneresis. Compared with plain yogurt, the 2% LES‐fortified yogurt exhibited similar index values of texture parameters and higher scores of the appearance, fermented odor, taste quality, and overall acceptance, suggesting that this might be the optimal dose for industrial production. After cold storage for 28 days, pH values of all yogurt samples further decreased with increasing of TA. Interestingly, syneresis of LES‐fortified yogurt decreased and the viable LAB cells and antioxidant activity of 3% LES‐fortified yogurt slightly decreased. Therefore, LES is beneficial to improve physicochemical, sensory, and antioxidant properties of yogurt, which has the potential to be used in functional dairy products.
摘要：
Two tricyclohexyltin aryloxyacetates (C1, C2) have been synthesized by the reaction of tricyclohexyltin hydroxide with 1,3-phenylenedioxydiacetic acid (L1) or 3-(N,N'-dicarboxymethyl)aminophenoxyacetic acid (L2), respectively. The structures were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, H-1, C-13 NMR, and X-ray diffraction. The structure of complex C1 has been previously reported, C2 is a novel complex. The results of thermal stability analysis confirmed that the two complexes contain solvent molecules, so they can only exist stably below 70(o)C. The results of herbicidal activity showed that C1 and C2 had moderate growth regulation effects on Alfalfa.
摘要：
In this study, two hybrid residual deep learning models coupled with physical knowledge are proposed for improving daily transpiration (Ec) estimation. A Hybrid-Physics-Data-Residual Learning (HPDRL) model is constructed by mixing a Hybrid-Physics-Data (HPD) model with a Physics-based Residual Learning (PRL) model. To this purpose, the HPD model is first formed by adding a complementary physical variable (EcPHY), which is generated by a recently presented physics-based Ec model (hereafter "BTA-& psi;"), to a deep learning (DL) model along with driving variables to regress Ec. Then, the PRL model is developed by using the residual learning method to integrate the BTA-& psi; and DL models. Three hybrid models, HPD, PRL, and HPDRL, are used to estimate daily Ec for the three species of trees and compared with two baseline models, the BTA-& psi; and pure DL models. The results show that the PRL and HPDRL models benefit from the integration of the BTA-& psi; and DL models via the residual learning method, and thus effectively improve daily Ec estimation. In contrast, the HPD model, limited by the flawed physics-based BTA-& psi; model, exhibits the weakest estimation skill among all three hybrid models. Moreover, the HPDRL model further exhibits better generalization capability than the PRL and pure DL models. Although both hybrid residual learning models can capture the range between the minimum and maximum observed Ec more completely than the pure DL model, the HPDRL model extrapolates better than the PRL model in unseen scenarios with limited training samples.
