Deep learning-based side-channel attacks (DL-SCA) are favored for their strong key recovery capabilities. However, their implementation is based on the attacker being able to manipulate a cloned device to build an attack model, which means that the attacker needs to know secret information in advance. The non-profiled side-channel attacks (NP-SCA) methods can complete the key recovery without knowing the secret information. Differential Deep Learning Analysis (DDLA) is the first NP-DLSCA method proposed in CHES2019, and several improved versions appeared later. In these methods, the bad qualit...
