To obtain a long running time for battery-powered mobile robots, implementing energy-efficient control over their motion process is important. In this study, a fuzzy logic control (FLC) optimisation method is proposed to diminish the energy expenditure of a differential drive wheeled mobile robot (WMR) during its movement by using the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm. Unlike conventional energy-saving methods, such as reducing the robot acceleration, this study designs a fuzzy logic controller based on a planned optimal path to control the left- and right-wheel angular velocities of...