Objective: To investigate health-compromising behaviors, self-esteem and self-control of orphans in order to provide scientific evidence for the intervention of health-compromising behaviors of orphans. Methods: 346 orphans and 271 non-orphans in middle school were surveyed with Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Self-Control Scale (SCS) and Adolescent Health Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI). Results: There were significant differences of health-compromising behaviors between orphans and non-orphans (p < 0.05). The negative correlations between o...