Ancient cities are the historical and cultural treasures of China. How to express its landscape com- prehensively and objectively? And how to anatomy and display its occurrence and development law? This paper aims to examine these issues. Inspired by Kevin Lynch's five elements of urban intention concept, the au- thors divide an ancient city's landscape structure into three parts which are landscape genes cell (basic unit of landscape), landscape genes chain (join channel of landscape) and landscape genes shape (whole form of landscape...