Air pollution is a threat to public health in China, and several actions and plans have been implemented by Chinese authorities in recent years to mitigate it. This study examined the spatial distribution of changes in urban air pollutants (UAP) in 336 Chinese cities from 2016 to 2020 and their responses to air pollution controls and the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the harmonic model, decreases in fine particles (PM(2.5)), inhalable particles (PM(10)), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), and carbon monoxide (CO) levels were found in 90.7%, 91.9%, 75.2%, 94.3%, and 88.7% of cities...