Although the d-band center theory can well describe the interaction between gas molecules and transition metal surfaces, the detailed reaction process and specific adsorption conditions are unclear. Hence, in this work, we systematically studied the adsorption mechanism, adsorption conditions, and recovery time of NO and NO2 molecules on different transition metals (Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Tc, Mo, Nb, and Zr) surfaces by first-principles. The results indicated that the charge transfers from the dz2, dxz, and dyz orbitals of substrate at...