Pimpinella L. is a large genus in Apiaceae/Umbelliferae. It is a taxonomically complicated genus, because of the featureless fruit morphology, inadequate communication of literatures and type specimens, and insufficient consultation of herbarium specimens and fieldwork. It includes about one third Pimpinella species in China, but prior to this study almost no attempt has been made on special taxonomic study of Pimpinella species distributed in China. Recently molecular phylogenetic researches indicate that Pimpinella is not monophyletic, and the infrageneric classification is questionable. It ...