Soil erosion is a common environmental problem in the world. Hengyang Basin, located in hilly region of South China, with a population of millions, plays an excellent role in social and economic development of Hunan Province. So, it is of practical significance to understand the soil erosion processes in the basin. This paper collects the following materials such as the landsat images of 2000 and 2008, precipitation data from 1959 to 2008, the 1/250 000 DEM data and Soil Taxomony map of Hengyang. With those materials, the paper uses the RUSLE equation to calculate the whole quantity of soil er...