Vulnerability assessment of water resource system is very important for regional water management, water allocation and economic development. However, little attention has been paid to the surface water resource system in the South China, which is the primary water resource in this area. In this research, the Hengyang Basin is selected as the representative area of the South China based on some considerations such as data available, geographic characteristics, administrative boundaries and human activities. First, a concept of vulnerability of surface water system expressing the characteristic...