In a changing environment, a comprehensive and accurate water security assessment is critical to regional sustainable development. Most water security assessment studies concentrate on the sustainable use of blue water and less on green water, while the latter is irreplaceable to sustain food production. Considering the vital role that green water plays in maintaining human production and ecosystem stability. Here we incorporate green water into the water security assessment framework, proposing a blue-green water security index (BGWSI) and conducting a case study in the Xiangjiang River Basin...