摘要：
Reconstructing historical grazing intensity is essential for understanding long-term human–environment interactions in arid and semi-arid regions. However, historical documents often lack continuous, site-specific information on land use and grazing pressure. We present a high-resolution reconstruction of pastoral activity and hydrological evolution since 1560 AD using fungal spore assemblages from a 92 cm lacustrine-peat sequence from the Sichanghu (SCH) peatland on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia. Quantitative analysis of coprophilous fungal spores and principal component analysis (PCA) of spore influxes identify three distinct phases of pastoral intensity: gradual intensification from 1560 to 1730 AD, a sharp decline from 1730 to 1770 AD, and rapid intensification from 1770 AD to the present. These transitions are consistent with historical records of land use and human migration in Xinjiang. Additionally, fungal assemblages reveal a long-term drying trend at Sichanghu, broadly consistent with regional aridification in northwestern China. However, centennial-scale discrepancies in humidity between local and regional records—particularly during the late Little Ice Age—indicate that local hydrological responses were strongly influenced by anthropogenic disturbances. This study highlights the value of fungal spores, particularly influx-based interpretations, as robust indicators of both human activities and hydroclimatic variability. It also underscores the importance of integrating local and regional signals when reconstructing past environmental changes in sensitive dryland ecosystems.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, B ] G;Guangzhou Univ, Sch Geog & Remote Sensing, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;Guangdong Prov Ctr Urban & Migrat Studies, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Peoples R China.
关键词：
environmental regulation;fiscal efficiency;GTFP;high-quality development;multi-source data;spatial panel data model
摘要：
This research aims to investigate whether fiscal efficiency promotes green total factor productivity (GTFP) in China. To this end, we used multi-source data and adopted productivity index approaches to measure GTFP and fiscal efficiency scores of 284 Chinese cities and then applied a spatial econometric model to examine the impact of fiscal efficiency on GTFP. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) Overall GTFP scores showed an N-shaped trend during the sample period. Specifically, they first rose, then decreased, and finally went up. (2) The dynamic average fiscal efficiency scores of Chinese cities exhibited an upward trend with fluctuations. The spatial distribution of the fiscal efficiency scores of 284 cities showed that overall the eastern and central cities had the highest scores, followed by the western and northeastern cities. (3) The results of the spatial lag panel data model revealed that the spatially lagged term of GTFP was significantly positive, indicating that spatial spillovers of GTFP could not be ignored. Otherwise, it may lead to biased conclusions. It implies that improvements in the GTFP of neighboring cities contribute to promoting the GTFP growth of the own city. Moreover, the impact of fiscal efficiency on GTFP was verified to be significant and positive, indicating that fiscal efficiency improvement could significantly promote China's high-quality development measured by GTFP. In addition, increases in urbanization level, economic level, education level, industrial structure, and innovation level had positive effects on GTFP, while there was a U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and GTFP. Last, several tailored policy recommendations were proposed.
作者机构：
[Wang, Kun] Shaanxi Prov Land Engn Construct Grp Co Ltd, Inst Land Engn & Technol, Xian, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Kun] Shaanxi Agr Dev Grp Co Ltd, Shaanxi Engn Res Ctr Land Consolidat, Xian, Peoples R China.;[Han, Ling] Changan Univ, Coll Land Engn, Xian, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Juan; Liao, J] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, 165 Huangbai Rd, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liao, J ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, 165 Huangbai Rd, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Karst is a unique landform that is widely distributed across the globe and holds significant importance for both the ecological environment and ecosystem. This paper focuses on a typical karst area in Guizhou Province, China, to investigate the threshold of key factors contributing to rocky desertification through quantitative analysis. Utilising the Logistic regression model, the thresholds of these key factors in the evolution of rocky desertification within the study area were successfully calculated and categorised. The findings indicate that vegetation cover thresholds are 35.6%, 52.5%, and 76.6%; slope thresholds are 35 degrees, 25.7 degrees, and 13.8 degrees; land reclamation rates are 0.85, 0.65, and 0.45; and artificial disturbance indices are 0.95, 0.65, and 0.55. These results correspond to three categories: mild threshold, moderate threshold, and intense threshold, which quantify the degree of rocky desertification evolution in karst areas.
摘要：
Understanding vegetation responses to climate change is crucial for evaluating ecosystem resilience in high-altitude regions. This study presents a high-resolution Holocene pollen record (~9700 years) from XingCo Lake in the Zoige Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau. We conducted pollen analysis, biome reconstruction, and diversity assessment. Key findings include: 1) Pollen records from the Zoige Basin showed a consistent long-term trend of forest decline since the mid-Holocene, with multiple abrupt vegetation shifts. 2) After excluding Cyperaceae pollen, we observed a marked collapse of the Holocene vegetation optimum around 3.5 cal ka BP, aligned with transitions across the eastern Tibetan Plateau. 3) A notable shift in vegetation richness occurred around 2 cal ka BP under stable vegetation and minimal human impact, coinciding with a decoupling of temperature and moisture, and rising temperatures coupled with declining humidity, fostering increased palynological richness. These results suggest that the past vegetation-climate interactions in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and provide a valuable reference for modeling future vegetation responses in alpine ecosystems.
Understanding vegetation responses to climate change is crucial for evaluating ecosystem resilience in high-altitude regions. This study presents a high-resolution Holocene pollen record (~9700 years) from XingCo Lake in the Zoige Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau. We conducted pollen analysis, biome reconstruction, and diversity assessment. Key findings include: 1) Pollen records from the Zoige Basin showed a consistent long-term trend of forest decline since the mid-Holocene, with multiple abrupt vegetation shifts. 2) After excluding Cyperaceae pollen, we observed a marked collapse of the Holocene vegetation optimum around 3.5 cal ka BP, aligned with transitions across the eastern Tibetan Plateau. 3) A notable shift in vegetation richness occurred around 2 cal ka BP under stable vegetation and minimal human impact, coinciding with a decoupling of temperature and moisture, and rising temperatures coupled with declining humidity, fostering increased palynological richness. These results suggest that the past vegetation-climate interactions in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and provide a valuable reference for modeling future vegetation responses in alpine ecosystems.
作者机构：
[Ning, Wangfen; Ning, WF; Yang, Liguo] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Liguo] Hengyang Normal Univ, Hunan Natl Local Joint Engn Lab Digital Preservat, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ning, WF ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
symbiosis theory;digitalization;rural tourism;cultural tourism;sustainable development
摘要：
On the basis of the principles of symbiosis theory, this paper first analyses the mechanism of the sustainable integration of digitally driven rural cultural tourism and then analyses its driving effect in detail through the construction of an evaluation system and the calculation of the entropy weight via the TOPSIS method. The results indicate that, the sustainable integration system of rural cultural tourism from a symbiotic perspective can be categorized into three subsystems. Specifically, digital technology facilitates the sustainable integration of rural cultural tourism by enhancing the efficiency of symbiotic unit coordination, enabling the visualization of symbiotic environment monitoring, and promoting the intelligence of symbiotic mode innovation. Digital tourism enterprises and merchants, e-commerce platforms, and social engagement levels constitute critical factors influencing the sustainable integration outcomes of digitally driven cultural and tourism resources. These driving forces exhibit a progressive characteristic of “digitalization-digitization-intelligentization” in promoting sustainable cultural-tourism integration. However, problems such as the digital divide, information security, and insufficient talent remain, so the joint efforts of multiple rural actors are needed to achieve innovative, intelligent, and sustainable digital cultural tourism development.
On the basis of the principles of symbiosis theory, this paper first analyses the mechanism of the sustainable integration of digitally driven rural cultural tourism and then analyses its driving effect in detail through the construction of an evaluation system and the calculation of the entropy weight via the TOPSIS method. The results indicate that, the sustainable integration system of rural cultural tourism from a symbiotic perspective can be categorized into three subsystems. Specifically, digital technology facilitates the sustainable integration of rural cultural tourism by enhancing the efficiency of symbiotic unit coordination, enabling the visualization of symbiotic environment monitoring, and promoting the intelligence of symbiotic mode innovation. Digital tourism enterprises and merchants, e-commerce platforms, and social engagement levels constitute critical factors influencing the sustainable integration outcomes of digitally driven cultural and tourism resources. These driving forces exhibit a progressive characteristic of “digitalization-digitization-intelligentization” in promoting sustainable cultural-tourism integration. However, problems such as the digital divide, information security, and insufficient talent remain, so the joint efforts of multiple rural actors are needed to achieve innovative, intelligent, and sustainable digital cultural tourism development.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE,2025年13:1603597 ISSN：2296-6463
通讯作者：
Qiao, HZ;Wu, SJ
作者机构：
[Qiao, HZ; Dai, Chencheng; Liu, Miao; Qiao, Hengzhong] Leshan Normal Univ, Coll Tourism & Geog Sci, Leshan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Shangjing] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Qiao, HZ ] L;[Wu, SJ ] H;Leshan Normal Univ, Coll Tourism & Geog Sci, Leshan, Peoples R China.;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Shear zone;Mylonite;U-Pb geochronology;Orosirian;Khondalite Belt;North China Craton
摘要：
A series of NE-to E-trending ductile shear zones are widely distributed in the Khondalite Belt, a Paleoproterozoic collisional orogen in the North China Craton. Available geochronological investigations have been mainly focused on metamorphic and magmatic events in the Khondalite Belt, but the deformation age of ductile shear zones remains poorly constrained. In this paper, we conducted field-based structural and U-Pb geochronological studies on the Helanshan ductile shear zones (HDSZ) and Qianlishan ductile shear zones (QDSZ) in the western Khondalite Belt. The results revealed that four pre-kinematic intrusions were reworked by the shear zones and yielded monazite U-Pb ages of 1954 +/- 3 Ma, 1942 +/- 10 Ma, 1925 +/- 5 Ma and 1918 +/- 4 Ma, suggesting that the HDSZ and QDSZ probably appeared at some time after similar to 1918 Ma. In the HDSZ, a granitic mylonite gave titanite and apatite U-Pb ages of 1897 +/- 32 Ma and 1866 +/- 47 Ma. Similar apatite U-Pb ages of 1860 +/- 78 Ma and 1823 +/- 50 Ma were also reported from another two mylonitized rocks. Comparably, three mylonites from the QDSZ displayed apatite ages of 1878 +/- 39 Ma, 1805 +/- 16 Ma and 1801 +/- 10 Ma. Notably, these titanite and apatite U-Pb ages of 1897-1801 Ma are in good agreement with those of 1904-1823 Ma obtained from zircon overgrowth rims in mylonites. We regard that the above-stated U-Pb ages of 1904-1801 Ma together recorded the timing of the shear zone activity in the western Khondalite Belt. Combined with previous structural and geochronological data, we propose that the post-collisional orogen-parallel ductile shear zones in the Khondalite Belt have developed at ca. 1.90-1.80 Ga.
摘要：
Stroke is a leading cause of premature death worldwide. Spatial-temporal characteristics are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. However, long-term global variations of stroke are still lacking. To identify the characteristics of the global spatial distribution of age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) due to stroke during 2000–2021, thereby informing the efficient allocation of global health care resources. Based on age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) due to stroke from the Global Health Estimates database, we analyzed stroke variation from 2000 to 2021 in 183 countries worldwide using Moran’s I, Getis-Ord Gi*, and Standard Deviation Ellipse. We stratified the 183 countries into different income groups according to World Bank classification to identify the socioeconomic influence on stroke mortality. The result showed that ① From 2000 to 2021, the number of stroke deaths increased worldwide, but the AMSR due to stroke showed a downward trend; ② The spatial distribution of the global AMSR due to stroke varies across geographic regions. with the highest in Asia and southern Africa, and the lowest in Europe and North America; ③ The spatial pattern of hot and cold spots of AMSR due to stroke remained relatively stable from 2000 to 2021, with the greatest changes in Africa and Asia; ④ Generally, countries belong to higher economic groups have lower stroke mortality rate, and this pattern persisted throughout the study period. Our findings provide evidence on spatial variations of stroke mortality worldwide over 20 years, and are informative on evidence-based allocation of medical resources globally. Not applicable.
摘要：
Vegetation Optical Depth (VOD), a microwave-based vegetation index for assessing crop canopy water content and biomass, is becoming increasingly crucial for effective crop and irrigation management as well as yield optimization. Currently, VOD is primarily retrieved from passive microwave data with low resolution, which does not meet the needs for monitoring crop growth dynamics at finer scales. A high resolution Sentinel-1 VOD time series, was developed based on the Water Cloud Model (WCM) coupled with the TU-Wien (Vienna University of Technology, TU-Wien) change detection algorithm over Guangxi, China during 2018–2020. The main challenge in retrieving a high-resolution VOD dataset from Sentinel-1 is the lack of high-resolution soil moisture observations, which impedes the precise correction of soil scattering component interference in the Water Cloud Model (WCM). To address this issue, the corrected soil scattering components from the TU-Wien algorithm are used as input parameters for the WCM to construct the VOD time series. Consequently, the TU-Wien algorithm provides a 10-meter resolution surface soil moisture (SSM)observation dataset, serving as a bridge to retrieve high-resolution VOD. The results show that the S1 SSM product shows strong agreement with the CLDAS-V data in southern Guangxi, indicating satisfactory performance in this region during 2019, with most pixels exhibiting R values greater than 0.50. Across most areas of the study region, the correlation between VOD and NDVI is positive, with R values exceeding 0.6. The high-resolution VOD we retrieved can be effectively used to monitor crop water stress, growth stages, and yield conditions with greater spatial detail, supporting precision agriculture and contributing to regional food security assessments.
通讯机构：
[Liu, N ; Zhang, CC ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Geog Sci, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Water use strategy;Water stable isotopes;Sap flow;Seasonal drought;Soil moisture
摘要：
Aims The projected increase in drought intensity and frequency due to climate change is expected to exert sustained pressure on forest survival and growth in southern China. However, it remains unclear how plants adjust their water-use strategies and competitive mechanisms in response to water scarcity, as well as the effectiveness of these adaptations in mitigating drought-induced physiological stress. Methods In this study, we used water stable isotopes and sap flow measurements to evaluate the adjustment of water-use patterns and interspecific interactions in response to seasonal drought for two widespread species, Cinnamomum camphora and Ligustrum lucidum, in a subtropical secondary forest. The contribution of water from different soil depths was estimated using a Bayesian isotope mixing model. Results Both target species exhibited reduced sensitivity to atmospheric water demand and decreased water uptake from topsoil during drought. Although the two species showed temporary hydrological niche segregation and extracted more water from deep soil water to varying extent during drought, the water stress on plant transpiration was not effectively alleviated This is likely related to the fine root vertical distribution and intense local soil hydrological conditions. Conclusion Our results underscore the drought sensitivity and vulnerability of C. camphora and L. lucidum and the pressure of water resources induced by unique local environment conditions in subtropical secondary forests. These findings provide valuable insights into future forest management and species selection in plantation restoration efforts.
作者机构：
[Sun, Ruisi; Liu, Yu; Zhou, Jialong; Feng, Chang; Yang, Liu; Xiang, Jin; Liu, Chang] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Chang; Yang, Liu] Int Ctr Space Technol Nat & Cultural Heritage HIST, Hengyang Base, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Chang; Yang, Liu] Hunan Environm Educ & Sustainable Dev Res Base, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Feng, C ; Yang, L] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Int Ctr Space Technol Nat & Cultural Heritage HIST, Hengyang Base, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Environm Educ & Sustainable Dev Res Base, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
River system evolution;Temperature change;Urbanization;Urban heat island effect;Xiangjiang River Basin
摘要：
Rapid urbanization can lead to increased temperatures in urban areas and result in the compression and even encroachment of urban river network system. It is crucial to monitor the evolution of temperature and river networks under urbanization, identify existing risks, and implement preventive measures to mitigate potential disasters. This study investigated the temperature changes and the evolution of river network system in the Xiangjiang River Basin from 1986 to 2020 using meteorological station data and high-resolution remote sensing images. We aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity relationship between these factors and discuss their impacts on urban heat and flood risks. The results indicate that over the past 35 years, temperatures have shown an overall increasing trend, with the mean temperature, max temperature, and min temperature increasing at rates of 0.37 degrees C/10a, 0.38 degrees C/10a, and 0.43 degrees C/10a, respectively. The warming rate in major prefecture-level cities has been significantly faster than that in suburban areas. Human activities have significantly disrupted the river system, resulting in a 13.02% decrease in river density and a 14.21% reduction in the tributary development coefficient, simplifying the river network structure, the river network has changed from a longitudinal shortening of the length to a transverse compression of the width. The correlation between river network system indicators and temperature exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity. Rising temperatures raise heatwave risks, endangering urban health, while river degradation increases flood risks by reducing connectivity. These factors collectively undermine urban sustainability and resilience, and should therefore be a key focus in future urban planning. Study can provide support for research on urban green sustainable development and urban hydrological effects. It also offers new insights into controlling the increase in heat island intensity (HII) and improving urban resilience to climate change.
作者机构：
[Hu, Linjie; Zhong, Yuru; Peng, Qing; Han, Xiangyu; Fang, Xiaohong] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;[Shi, Shana; Tang, Chuanyong; Fang, Xiaohong] Nanning Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Resources Use Beibu Gulf, Minist Educ, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China.;[Shi, Shana; Tang, Chuanyong] Nanning Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Bo] Hunan Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tang, CY ; Fang, XH] N;[Fang, XH ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;Nanning Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Resources Use Beibu Gulf, Minist Educ, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China.;Nanning Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
sequential extraction;mobility;contamination assessment;sediment–water interface;South Dongting Lake
摘要：
South Dongting Lake is an essential aquatic ecosystem that receives substantial water inflows from the Xiangjiang and Zishui Rivers. However, it is significantly impacted by human activities, including mining, smelting, and farming. These activities have led to serious contamination of the lake's sediments with heavy metals (HMs). This study investigated the distribution, mobility, and influencing factors of HMs at the sediment-water interface. To this end, sediment samples were analyzed from three key regions (Xiangjiang River estuary, Zishui River estuary, and northeastern South Dongting Lake) using traditional sampling methods and Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) technology. Analysis of fifteen HMs (Pb, Bi, Ni, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Mn, Zn, V, Cr, Cu, Tl, Co, and Fe) revealed significant spatial heterogeneity. The results showed that Cr, Cu, Pb, Bi, Ni, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Mn, Zn, and Fe exhibited high variability (CV > 0.20), whereas V, Tl, and Co demonstrated stable concentrations (CV < 0.20). Concentrations were found to exceed background values of the upper continental crust of eastern China (UCC), Yangtze River sediments (YZ), and Dongting Lake sediments (DT), particularly at the Xiangjiang estuary (XE) and in the northeastern regions. Speciation analysis revealed that V, Cr, Cu, Ni, and As were predominantly found in the residual fraction (F4), while Pb and Co were concentrated in the oxidizable fraction (F3), Mn and Zn appeared primarily in the exchangeable fractions (F1 and F2), and Cd was notably dominant in the exchangeable fraction (F1), suggesting a high potential for mobility. Additionally, DGT results confirmed a significant potential for the release of Pb, Zn, and Cd. Contamination assessment using the Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) identified Pb, Bi, Ni, As, Se, Cd, and Sb as major pollutants. Among these, Bi and Cd were found to pose the highest risks. Furthermore, the Risk Assessment Code (RAC) and the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) highlighted Cd as the primary ecological risk contributor, especially in the XE. The study identified sediment grain size, pH, electrical conductivity, and nutrient levels as the primary influencing factors. The PMF modeling revealed HM sources as mixed smelting/natural inputs, agricultural activities, natural weathering, and mining/smelting operations, suggesting that remediation should prioritize Cd control in the XE with emphasis on external inputs.
作者机构：
[Li, Quan; Liu, Yaoliang; Ren, Weihe; Kong, Yanfen; Qiu, Hongyi; Zhang, Zhiyong; Cai, Maotang; Xu, Haitao; Cui, Yifan; Yang, Hanfei; Qin, Feng; Cui, Qiaoyu; Liang, Chen; Zhao, Yan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Land Surface Pattern & Simulat, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Zhengtang; Deng, Chenglong; Zhao, Yan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Birks, H. John B.] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol Sci, Bergen, Norway.;[Birks, H. John B.] Univ Bergen, Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.;[Birks, H. John B.] UCL, Environm Change Res Ctr, Dept Geog, London, England.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Y ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Land Surface Pattern & Simulat, Beijing, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The Tibetan Plateau supports the largest alpine meadow ecosystem globally. It is considered extremely vulnerable to global warming. Knowledge of past vegetation dynamics under similarly warm climates could shed insights into where the tipping point for regime shifts may lie. We report a continuous multicentennial-resolved pollen record for the last 3.5 Myr from a lake sediment core retrieved from the Zoige Basin (~3,350–3,450 m above sea level) on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. It reveals a detailed picture of the vegetation dynamics across several timescales using the approaches of biomization, numerical analysis, statistical modelling and vegetation simulations. These lines of evidence show that vegetation underwent transformation from stable forest in the mid-late Pliocene Period (3.5–2.73 million years ago (Ma)) to codominance of forest and steppe in the early Quaternary Period (2.73–1.54 Ma) and to a meadow-dominated ecosystem after ~1.54 Ma, along with glacial–interglacial and millennial-scale grassland–forest shifts. These vegetational changes were largely controlled by temperature change. A global warming of ~2–3 °C is the most important threshold for the forest expansion and meadow resilience loss on the Tibetan Plateau. By analogy to the past, we suggest that, without major reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, the current Tibetan Plateau meadow is at risk of major transformation. The authors present a 3.5-million-year-long pollen record from the Zoige Basin of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, 3,442 m above sea level. The ~5,000 pollen assemblages retrieved from the core reveal many ecosystem transitions during this time and, when correlated with climatic curves, indicate what effects future warming may have on regional vegetation.
摘要：
Investigating aeolian saltation over typical desert surfaces is crucial for understanding aeolian patterns and geomorphic development in arid and semi-arid regions. However, ground-based synchronous measurements on various land surfaces are scarce, and usually in limited measurement duration. The Alxa Plateau is characterized by strong wind, extensive wind erosion, and is one of the main dust source areas in China. In this study, we conducted year-long synchronous sand saltation measurements on five typical desert surfaces (gravel Gobi, fine-gravel flat, sand sheet, mud-flat nebkha, and salt-flat nebkha), in the transitional zone between the downstream plain of Heihe River and Badain Jaran Sand Desert. The measurements revealed that, under the local arid climate, the average annual 2m-high wind speed on gravel Gobi was similar to that on sand sheet, but 1.26 to 1.43 times higher than that on the other three surface types. Sand saltating number on sand sheet was 1 order of magnitude greater than gravel Gobi and 2-3 orders greater than the other surfaces. The majority of sand saltation activities occurred within 10-30℃ air temperature and 10-30% relative humidity. Surface roughness and sand availability might be important factors affecting wind speed and aeolian saltation activity. The majority of sand saltation was chiefly caused by high wind speed and long-duration sand-transporting events. We detected the average particle kinetic energy decreased with increasing wind speed and concentration of saltating sand, implying that enhanced collisions among numerous sand particles at higher wind speeds might substantially reduce the abrasive efficiency of individual sand particles.
期刊：
Agricultural Water Management,2025年318:109742 ISSN：0378-3774
通讯作者：
Chang Feng
作者机构：
[Zhonghui Guo; Chang Feng; Liu Yang; Qing Liu] College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
通讯机构：
[Chang Feng] C;College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
关键词：
Evapotranspiration (ET);Soil and water assessment tool (SWAT);Spatio-temporal fusion transformers (STFT);Multispatial-multistep prediction (MMP);Self-spatiotemporal interpretation (SSTI)
摘要：
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the hydrological cycle, and its spatiotemporal prediction and interpretation are essential for managing agricultural water resources in river basins. However, both physics-based models (PBM) and data-driven models (DDM) have inherent limitations in watershed ET modeling and mechanistic interpretation, while their coupling provides a potential solution by integrating reliable hydrological physical mechanisms with robust nonlinear learning capabilities. This study developed an interpretable coupled model by embedding physical hydrological constraints derived from the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) into an attention-based Spatio-Temporal Fusion Transformer (STFT, incorporating spatiotemporal cross-learning mechanisms), achieving watershed ET multispatial-multistep prediction (MMP) while providing self-spatiotemporal interpretation (SSTI) for underlying ET mechanisms. Applied to the Xiangjiang River Basin (XRB), the coupled model predicted ET across 103 subbasins with a 6-month lead time, achieving median Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R²) values both exceeding 0.9 during the testing period. It outperformed LSTM and Transformer-based baseline models in both individual and SWAT-coupled scenarios. These results demonstrated that the SWAT-STFT coupled model achieved satisfactory ET MMP performance. Additionally, the coupled model's SSTI leveraged model-internal attention weights to provide new insights into further understanding watershed ET spatiotemporal mechanisms. The feature global interpretation results revealed that meteorological features served as ET dominant drivers in time-varying features (48 % importance), followed by land use features (35 %), while soil features (64 %) dominated static features. Temporal attention interpretation showed bimodal patterns with attention peaks at t-24 and t-7 month time-steps (normalized attention weights of 0.83 and 0.48, respectively), reflecting the model's sensitivity to both long-term climate trends and seasonal transitions. Spatial effect interpretation revealed distinct ET heterogeneity across subbasins, with midstream regions showing 55 % above-average importance for forest land features, and critical areas identified in eastern and southern XRB. This integration of physics-based and data-driven modeling not only provides valuable insights into watershed ET modeling prediction and mechanistic understanding but also underscores the broader potential for application across global watersheds and related disciplines.
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the hydrological cycle, and its spatiotemporal prediction and interpretation are essential for managing agricultural water resources in river basins. However, both physics-based models (PBM) and data-driven models (DDM) have inherent limitations in watershed ET modeling and mechanistic interpretation, while their coupling provides a potential solution by integrating reliable hydrological physical mechanisms with robust nonlinear learning capabilities. This study developed an interpretable coupled model by embedding physical hydrological constraints derived from the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) into an attention-based Spatio-Temporal Fusion Transformer (STFT, incorporating spatiotemporal cross-learning mechanisms), achieving watershed ET multispatial-multistep prediction (MMP) while providing self-spatiotemporal interpretation (SSTI) for underlying ET mechanisms. Applied to the Xiangjiang River Basin (XRB), the coupled model predicted ET across 103 subbasins with a 6-month lead time, achieving median Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R²) values both exceeding 0.9 during the testing period. It outperformed LSTM and Transformer-based baseline models in both individual and SWAT-coupled scenarios. These results demonstrated that the SWAT-STFT coupled model achieved satisfactory ET MMP performance. Additionally, the coupled model's SSTI leveraged model-internal attention weights to provide new insights into further understanding watershed ET spatiotemporal mechanisms. The feature global interpretation results revealed that meteorological features served as ET dominant drivers in time-varying features (48 % importance), followed by land use features (35 %), while soil features (64 %) dominated static features. Temporal attention interpretation showed bimodal patterns with attention peaks at t-24 and t-7 month time-steps (normalized attention weights of 0.83 and 0.48, respectively), reflecting the model's sensitivity to both long-term climate trends and seasonal transitions. Spatial effect interpretation revealed distinct ET heterogeneity across subbasins, with midstream regions showing 55 % above-average importance for forest land features, and critical areas identified in eastern and southern XRB. This integration of physics-based and data-driven modeling not only provides valuable insights into watershed ET modeling prediction and mechanistic understanding but also underscores the broader potential for application across global watersheds and related disciplines.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2025年16:1563166 ISSN：1664-462X
通讯作者：
Zhang, LJ;You, QG
作者机构：
[Liu, Feiyao; Feng, Chang; Liu, Guohua] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Lijuan] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Foreign Languages, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[You, Quangang; Xue, Xian] Chinese Acad Sci, Drylands Salinizat Res Stn, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.;[You, Quangang; Xue, Xian] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Key Lab Ecol Safety & Sustainable Dev Arid Lands, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[You, QG ] C;[Zhang, LJ ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Foreign Languages, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Drylands Salinizat Res Stn, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Key Lab Ecol Safety & Sustainable Dev Arid Lands, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.
关键词：
desert-oasis transition zone;meteorological factors;phreatophyte xerophytic shrub;sap flow;soil water variability
摘要：
Plant transpiration is a fundamental process for maintaining the water cycle, regulating temperature and facilitating nutrient uptake, while also playing a critical role in climate regulation and ecosystem services. However, a significant knowledge gap remains in the understanding of how plant transpiration responds to changes in precipitation patterns within dryland ecosystems. In the present study, the stem sap flow of the phreatophyte xerophytic shrub Tamarix ramosissima, meteorological factors, soil moisture content, and bare soil evaporation were examined to assess the effects of two different rainfall categories (category I: lower mean rainfall amount and duration; category II: higher mean rainfall amount and duration) on stem sap flow dynamics. Our results reveal that the rainfall reduced the stem sap flow by 46.5% and 29.5% compared to the previous days across rainfall category I and II, respectively. The daily and diurnal variation of stem sap flow during the three days following rainfall showed non-significant variation compared to pre-rainfall, regardless of rainfall category. The soil moisture content at depth of 0-40 cm (SMC(0-40cm)) exhibits a pronounced increase to rainfall events, irrespective of rainfall category, although these events did not significantly increase the soil available moisture content within this depth. Concurrently, the weighing micro-lysimeters utilized in this study revealed that approximately 91.5% of the total precipitation during the experimental period evaporated into the atmosphere. In addition, the daily stem sap flow on the rainfall day and the following three days post rainfall was strongly positively correlated with photosynthetically active radiation, air temperature, and vapor pressure deficit within the two rainfall categories rather than with SMC(0-40cm). Together, our findings indicate that the effects of rainfall variability on stem sap flow of T. ramosissima are primarily driven by meteorological factors, independent of the rainfall category. The results of this study provide a valuable insight for assessing species-specific water-use strategies and implementing effective reforestation practices in the future.
作者机构：
[Hu, Yong; Fu, Jing; Su, Baoling] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Jianxin; Fu, Jing] Hunan Normal Univ, Hunan Key Lab Geospatial Big Data Min & Applicat, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Jing] Int Ctr Space Technol Nat & Cultural Heritage HIST, Hengyang Base, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fu, J ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.
关键词：
NDVI time series;spatiotemporal variability;multiple determinants;V-statistic;sustainability
摘要：
SDG15 emphasizes the criticality of ecosystem sustainability. The interplay between vegetation and the environment plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological equilibrium. The Mid-Spine Belt of Beautiful China (MSBBC), a novel geographical designation, encompasses agro-pastoral production and living spaces in China. However, vegetation dynamics in the area remain incompletely characterized. Therefore, this study investigated spatiotemporal variations of NDVI in MSBBC from 2000 to 2022, introducing the V -statistic to simulate durations of future vegetation trends. Since 2000, a majority of the MSBBC has experienced vegetation improvement, with significant enhancement observed in 77.34% of the area. This trend is primarily driven by increased precipitation and wind speed under climate warming, coupled with increased afforestation efforts and reduced livestock populations. Conversely, areas presenting significant vegetation degradation account for only 1.07% of the total, mainly due to urbanization and economic progress, partially explained by decreased sunshine duration and relative humidity. Evidently, China’s long-standing commitment to environmental preservation and ecological restoration has greatly mitigated degradation. Importantly, vegetation greening is projected to stagnate over the next decade. These findings deepen our understanding of ecosystem enhancement influenced by climatic and anthropogenic factors and provide a valuable reference for devising innovative approaches to remote sensing time series predictions.
期刊：
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies,2025年57:102131 ISSN：2214-5818
通讯作者：
Mao, DH
作者机构：
[Mao, Dehua; Wang, Ting; Zhang, Jingya; Zou, Yang; Deng, Meirong] Hunan Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.;[Mao, Dehua; Zhang, Jingya; Deng, Meirong] Hunan Prov Key Lab Ecoenvironm Changes & Carbon Se, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Chang; Deng, Meirong] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Guangwei] Dali Univ, Econ Res Inst, Sch Econ & Management, Dali 671003, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Mao, DH ] H;Hunan Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Climate change;Flood non-stationarity;GAMLSS;Human activities;Physically-based covariates;Yuan River Basin
摘要：
Study region Yuan River Basin in China.
Yuan River Basin in China.
Study focus This study aims to identify temporal variations and non-stationarity in the annual maximum Peak Flow (PF) and Peak Water Level (PWL) series, along with their occurrence dates and intervals series at three stations (Anjiang, Pushi, and Taoyuan). Temporal variations were detected and non-stationary models were developed by incorporating physically-based covariates under climate change and human activities using the Mann-Kendall test, Pettitt test, and the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) framework.
This study aims to identify temporal variations and non-stationarity in the annual maximum Peak Flow (PF) and Peak Water Level (PWL) series, along with their occurrence dates and intervals series at three stations (Anjiang, Pushi, and Taoyuan). Temporal variations were detected and non-stationary models were developed by incorporating physically-based covariates under climate change and human activities using the Mann-Kendall test, Pettitt test, and the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) framework.
New hydrological insights for the region (1) The intervals between Pushi and Taoyuan stations for both PF and PWL series have significantly shortened over the past 40 years, while the Taoyuan station showed no significant upward trend over the past 70 years. (2) Covariates associated with precipitation, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Reservoir Index, and Impervious Area (IA) showed a significantly increased trend within the basin, particularly the annual maximum daily precipitation (P 1 ) at the Pushi station. (3) The non-stationary models performed best when incorporating either the 7-day or 15-day accumulated antecedent precipitation before the flood occurrence date for the flood extremes series, while the inclusion of the IA and mean NDVI three months before the flood occurrence month provided superior fitting for the occurrence dates series. (4) The variability of P 1 , 3-day accumulated precipitation and their overlap with 7-day and 15-day accumulated precipitation were most likely key factors in triggering typical flood extremes.
(1) The intervals between Pushi and Taoyuan stations for both PF and PWL series have significantly shortened over the past 40 years, while the Taoyuan station showed no significant upward trend over the past 70 years. (2) Covariates associated with precipitation, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Reservoir Index, and Impervious Area (IA) showed a significantly increased trend within the basin, particularly the annual maximum daily precipitation (P 1 ) at the Pushi station. (3) The non-stationary models performed best when incorporating either the 7-day or 15-day accumulated antecedent precipitation before the flood occurrence date for the flood extremes series, while the inclusion of the IA and mean NDVI three months before the flood occurrence month provided superior fitting for the occurrence dates series. (4) The variability of P 1 , 3-day accumulated precipitation and their overlap with 7-day and 15-day accumulated precipitation were most likely key factors in triggering typical flood extremes.
作者：
Kui Liu;Haobin Li;Lian-Tong Zhou*;Zhibiao Wang;Yong Liu
期刊：
大气和海洋科学快报：英文版,2025年:100689 ISSN：1674-2834
通讯作者：
Lian-Tong Zhou
作者机构：
[Haobin Li] College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China;[Lian-Tong Zhou; Zhibiao Wang; Yong Liu] Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;[Kui Liu] College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China<&wdkj&>Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
通讯机构：
[Lian-Tong Zhou] C;Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
摘要：
This study reveals that the strength of the springtime India–Burma trough (IBT) exhibits a notable interdecadal change around the early 2000s. Before the early 2000s, the IBT is closely related with an atmospheric wave train along the southern branch flow. In contrast, after the early 2000s, the IBT has a close relationship with sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical central-eastern Pacific. These indicate that the IBT is primarily controlled by internal dynamic processes of the atmosphere before the early 2000s, and then by SST anomaly (SSTA) forcing. After 2000, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) turns into a negative phase, which favors more geneses of La Niña-like SSTAs, and further modulates the interdecadal enhancement of the IBT. The results indicate that the negative phase of the PDO could help the interdecadal enhancement of the IBT. 摘要 这项研究揭示了春季印缅槽的强度在2000年左右出现了显著的年代际变化. 在2000s初之前, 印缅槽与南支气流沿线的大气波列密切相关. 但此后, 印缅槽与热带中东太平洋的海表温度异常密切相关. 这些现象表明, 2000s前印缅槽主要受大气内动力过程控制, 之后则受海表温度异常强迫影响. 2000年后, 太平洋年代际涛动转为负相位, 这有利于拉尼娜型的海表温度异常增多, 进而调制印缅槽的年代际增强. 研究结果表明, 太平洋年代际涛动的负相位有助于印缅槽的年代际增强.
This study reveals that the strength of the springtime India–Burma trough (IBT) exhibits a notable interdecadal change around the early 2000s. Before the early 2000s, the IBT is closely related with an atmospheric wave train along the southern branch flow. In contrast, after the early 2000s, the IBT has a close relationship with sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical central-eastern Pacific. These indicate that the IBT is primarily controlled by internal dynamic processes of the atmosphere before the early 2000s, and then by SST anomaly (SSTA) forcing. After 2000, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) turns into a negative phase, which favors more geneses of La Niña-like SSTAs, and further modulates the interdecadal enhancement of the IBT. The results indicate that the negative phase of the PDO could help the interdecadal enhancement of the IBT.
摘要
这项研究揭示了春季印缅槽的强度在2000年左右出现了显著的年代际变化. 在2000s初之前, 印缅槽与南支气流沿线的大气波列密切相关. 但此后, 印缅槽与热带中东太平洋的海表温度异常密切相关. 这些现象表明, 2000s前印缅槽主要受大气内动力过程控制, 之后则受海表温度异常强迫影响. 2000年后, 太平洋年代际涛动转为负相位, 这有利于拉尼娜型的海表温度异常增多, 进而调制印缅槽的年代际增强. 研究结果表明, 太平洋年代际涛动的负相位有助于印缅槽的年代际增强.
期刊：
International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2025年39(2):326-345 ISSN：1365-8816
通讯作者：
Yan, JB
作者机构：
[Yan, Jinbiao] Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Jinbiao] Hengyang Normal Univ, Natl Local Joint Engn Lab Digital Preservat & Inno, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Bo] Jiangxi Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Environm, Nanchang, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, He] Jiangxi Coll Appl Technol, Sch Geomat & Geoinformat, Ganzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yan, JB ] H;Hengyang Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Tourism, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;Hengyang Normal Univ, Natl Local Joint Engn Lab Digital Preservat & Inno, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Multiscale geographically weighted regression;genetic algorithm;scales optimization;signal-noise ratio
摘要：
Scale in multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) directly impacts the accuracy of coefficient estimates and shapes the comprehensive evaluation of the intensity of spatially non-stationary relationships. Presently, MGWR primarily utilizes back-fitting for sequentially optimizing multiple scales (MGWR-BF). However, the set of individual optima obtained through sequential optimization may not necessarily represent the global optimum. To address this issue, this paper proposes a multi-scale cooperative optimization within MGWR (MGWR-GA) model. Specifically, MGWR-GA employs a genetic algorithm to simultaneously input potential scale combinations, each comprising P scales. Subsequently, it introduces a dedicated overall estimation algorithm designed for these P scales, ultimately determining the optimal scale combinations based on the AICc. Simulation experiments have shown that, at least for global stationarity, the scales obtained by MGWR-GA approximate the true values across twelve different test environments. Additionally, the coefficient estimation bias of MGWR-GA is lower than that of MGWR-BF, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio settings. Empirical experiments further confirm the effectiveness of MGWR-GA in identifying both globally stationary and locally non-stationary scales. Furthermore, MGWR-GA outperforms MGWR-BF in terms of goodness-of-fit, adjusted goodness-of-fit, AICc and spatial autocorrelation of residuals. These findings indicate that MGWR-GA can serve as a valuable tool for modeling spatially non-stationary relationships.
